Mfundo, makhalidwe ndi kugwiritsa ntchito ukadaulo wozimitsa laser

Kuzimitsa kwa laser ndi njira yamakono yomwe imagwiritsa ntchito kuwala kwa laser kwamphamvu kwambiri kutentha zinthu zomwe zili pamwamba pa malo awo osinthira gawo. Pamene zinthuzo zikuzizira mwachilengedwe, austenite imasintha kukhala martensite, ndikupanga wosanjikiza wolimba wokhala ndi kuuma kwapadera komanso kukana kuwonongeka pamwamba pa chinthucho. Njirayi imasintha kwambiri kapangidwe kake ndi mawonekedwe a malo ogwirira ntchito popanda kusokoneza magwiridwe antchito onse a chinthucho, ndikupangitsa kuti mphamvu zake zikhalepo kudzera mu kukonza kutentha kolamulidwa.

Makhalidwe a laser surface quenching ndi awa:

Kuchuluka kwa mphamvu: Kuzimitsa pamwamba pa laser kumagwiritsa ntchito kuwala kwa laser kolunjika ngati gwero la kutentha kuti kutenthetse mofulumira pamwamba pa workpiece ndikupanga austenite.

Kutentha ndi kuziziritsa mwachangu: Njirayi imatenthetsa mwachangu mkati mwa masekondi (nthawi zambiri masekondi 0.01-0.001), kuchepetsa bwino kusintha kwa ntchito. Njira yoyera komanso yothandiza yozimitsira moto iyi imachotsa kufunikira kwa madzi kapena mafuta ngati zinthu zoziziritsira. Poyerekeza ndi kulimbitsa moto, kulimbitsa moto, ndi njira zotenthetsera, kuzimitsira moto pogwiritsa ntchito laser kumapereka gawo lolimba lomwe lili ndi kuuma kwabwino (nthawi zambiri 1-3HRC kuposa kuzimitsira moto).

Kusintha Kwazigawo Kochepa: Njira yotenthetsera mwachangu ndi kuziziritsa imachepetsa kusintha kwa ntchito, zomwe zimathandiza kuwongolera molondola kuya kwa kutentha ndi njira yoyendetsera. Izi zimathandiza kuti zinthu ziziyenda zokha popanda kugwiritsa ntchito ma induction coils apadera amitundu yosiyanasiyana, monga momwe zimafunikira polimbitsa induction. Zimachotsanso zoletsa kukula kwa ng'anjo zomwe zimagwirizanitsidwa ndi mankhwala otenthetsera monga carburizing ndi quenching pazinthu zazikulu. Chifukwa chake, kuuma kwa laser kukulowa m'malo mwa njira zachikhalidwe monga kuuma kwa induction ndi mankhwala otenthetsera mankhwala m'mafakitale osiyanasiyana. Chodziwika bwino ndi chakuti, kuumitsa kwa laser kumayambitsa kusintha kochepa kwa zinthu musanayambe komanso mutatha chithandizo. Pazigawo zachitsulo zotentha kwambiri komwe kutentha kozimitsa kumafanana kwambiri ndi malo osungunuka, kuumitsa kwa pamwamba kozikidwa pa induction nthawi zambiri kumawononga ngodya kapena malo osakhazikika, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale zinyalala. Kuumitsa pamwamba pa laser kumapewa izi kwathunthu.

Chifukwa chake, ndi yoyenera kwambiri pokonza pamwamba pa ziwalo zomwe zili ndi zofunikira kwambiri. Chogwirira ntchito chokonzedwacho sichifunika kuphwanyidwa ndipo chingagwiritsidwe ntchito ngati njira yomaliza yomaliza.

Yoyenera mawonekedwe ovuta: Ingagwiritsidwe ntchito pazinthu zovuta monga mabowo osawona, mabowo amkati, mipata yaying'ono, zigawo zopyapyala, ndi zina zotero. Kusinthasintha kwakukulu: Chifukwa cha kuya kwakukulu kwa laser, palibe zoletsa zokhwima pa kukula, kukula, kapena pamwamba pa zigawo panthawi yozimitsa. Mosiyana ndi zimenezi, kuzimitsa kwapakati-kwapamwamba komwe kulipo kumafuna masensa opangidwa mwapadera a induction pazigawo zosiyanasiyana;

Kuzama kwa zigawo zolimba za laser nthawi zambiri kumakhala mkati mwa 0.3-2.0Mm kutengera zinthu monga kapangidwe ka zinthu, specifications, mawonekedwe a pamwamba, ndi magawo ofunikira opangira. Mukamachita zozimitsa pamitsempha ya shaft ya magiya akuluakulu otumizira kapena zigawo za shaft ya mota, kuuma kwa pamwamba sikunasinthe kwenikweni. Izi zimachotsa kufunikira kwa makina opangidwa pambuyo pokonza kuti akwaniritse zofunikira zinazake zogwirira ntchito.

Kuzimitsa kwa laser kumagwiritsa ntchito njira ziwiri zojambulira: kusanthula kwa mkanda wopapatiza wokhala ndi madontho ozungulira kapena amakona anayi, ndi kusanthula kwa mkanda wopapatiza pogwiritsa ntchito madontho olunjika. Kukula kwa malo olimba mu kusanthula kwa mkanda wopapatiza kumafanana kwambiri ndi kukula kwa malo, nthawi zambiri mkati mwa 5mm. Pa ntchito zolimbitsa malo akuluakulu, kusanthula kotsatizana kumafunikira pomwe madera olumikizana amapanga mikanda yofewa yofewa. Kukula kwa mikanda iyi kumadalira mawonekedwe a malo, ndi madontho ofanana amakona anayi nthawi zambiri amapanga mikanda yaying'ono. Pofuna kuchepetsa zotsatira zoyipa za mikanda yofewa, ukadaulo wojambulira mkanda wopapatiza umagwiritsidwa ntchito. Njirayi imasintha madontho ozungulira olunjika kukhala olunjika, ndikukulitsa kwambiri m'lifupi mwa kusanthula.

Kafukufuku, chitukuko, ndi kugwiritsa ntchito ukadaulo wozimitsa laser pakadali pano zikupita patsogolo, ngakhale kuti zovuta zikupitilirabe pakugwiritsa ntchito zida zogwirira ntchito zooneka ngati zovuta. Komabe, monga njira yatsopano yochizira kutentha, kuzimitsa laser kumathandiza kukwaniritsa zolinga zaukadaulo zomwe njira zachikhalidwe zozimitsira pamwamba zimavutika kukwaniritsa. Chodziwika bwino ndi chakuti, njirayi imachotsa kufunikira koziziritsira zinthu panthawi yopanga, mogwirizana ndi kudzipereka kwa makampani apadziko lonse lapansi ku miyezo ya "kupanga kotsika kwa okosijeni komanso kosamalira chilengedwe". Imagwira ntchito bwino kwambiri pochiza kutentha pamwamba pa zida zosiyanasiyana zamakanika, kuphatikiza kudula m'mphepete mwa zida, malo otsekera ma valavu, magiya ang'onoang'ono, zinyalala zazing'ono, magawo a magalimoto, mphete zamagiya, malangizo a zida zamakina, ma shaft a mota, ndi ma shaft ochepetsa.