Kugwiritsa ntchito

Monga zida zoyambira zopangira mafakitale, magwiridwe antchito a zinyalala zachitsulo amakhudza mwachindunji magwiridwe antchito opanga ndi mtundu wa zinthu m'magawo opanga magalimoto, kupanga zida zapakhomo, zamagetsi, ndi zina zotero. Muzochitika zogwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi zambiri monga kupondaponda, kupangira jekeseni, ndi kuponya die, zinyalalazo zimayikidwa pamalo otentha kwambiri a 300-800℃, kupanikizika kwakukulu kwa 500-2000MPa, ndi kupondaponda kambirimbiri pamphindi imodzi kwa nthawi yayitali. Makamaka, zinyalala zopondaponda za zida zophimba magalimoto ziyenera kupirira mphamvu zopondaponda zopitirira 2000kN. Mikhalidwe yovuta yotereyi imabweretsa mavuto wamba monga kudula m'mphepete mwa kudula nkhungu, kugwa kwa malo olekanitsira nkhungu, ndi kusweka kwa mabowo a nkhungu. Pakati pa izi, kusokonekera kwa malire a tirigu wazinthu chifukwa cha kutentha kwakukulu ndi dzimbiri la kuthamanga kwambiri kumatha kufupikitsa moyo wa nkhungu. Potengera chitsanzo cha aluminiyamu yopangidwa ndi die-casting, pamene nkhungu imatsukidwa mobwerezabwereza ndi madzi a aluminiyamu a 670℃, pafupifupi gawo la dzimbiri la 0.2-0.5mm lidzapangidwa pamwamba pa dzenjelo pa nkhungu 5000 zilizonse.

Malo ogwirira ntchito: madzi kapena mpweya wowononga mchere Zombo za m'madzi ndi zida za m'mphepete mwa nyanja zimakhala m'malo ovuta kwambiri okhala ndi mchere wambiri komanso chinyezi chambiri kwa nthawi yayitali. Kulowa kwa mchere (chloride ions) ndi momwe madzi a m'nyanja amagwirira ntchito zimathandizira kuti zitsulo zisawonongeke. Nthawi yomweyo, kuthamanga kwa madzi mwachangu, katundu wosinthasintha komanso kutentha kwambiri (monga kutentha pafupi ndi chipinda choyaka injini kumatha kufika pamwamba pa 500°C) zimapangitsa kuti pakhale kuwonongeka kwa zinthu zambiri, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zovuta kwambiri kulimba kwa ziwalo.

Malo ogwirira ntchito: Kutentha kwa khoma la chubu cha boiler la chipangizo chogwiritsa ntchito malasha kumafika pa 500-650℃ ndipo kuthamanga kumapitirira 22MPa. Ma bearing akuluakulu a pampu ya nyukiliya amakhudzidwa ndi kuthamanga kwa 10^6Pa komanso dzimbiri la boric acid. Chipangizo chochitira mankhwala chimakhudzidwa ndi H2S/Cl⁻/acidic medium (pH≤3) ndipo chimasungunuka nthawi zonse ndi madzi okhala ndi tinthu tating'onoting'ono tomwe timayenda ndi 8-20m/

Malo ogwirira ntchito m'mafakitale a zida zofunika kwambiri zamagetsi ndi ovuta kwambiri, omwe amadziwika ndi kutentha kwambiri, katundu wolemera, kukhudzidwa kwambiri, kutentha nthawi zambiri, komanso dzimbiri chifukwa cha kuzizira. Izi nthawi zambiri zimapezeka m'magawo monga kupanga zitsulo, migodi, ndi makina olemera, komwe zida zimakhala ndi kupsinjika kosalekeza komanso kuwononga chilengedwe. Malo otentha kwambiri amaposa 500°C nthawi zambiri, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zinthu zifewetsedwe komanso kufulumizitsa zochita za mankhwala, pomwe kutentha (kusinthasintha kwa kutentha kopitilira 300°C pa kuzungulira) kumayambitsa kupsinjika kwa kutentha komwe kumafooketsa umphumphu wa kapangidwe kake. Machitidwe ozizira, nthawi zambiri amagwiritsa ntchito njira zamadzimadzi zokhala ndi ma ayoni owononga (monga, Cl⁻, SO₄²⁻), amapanga mawonekedwe awiri a kuwonongeka kwa makina ndi dzimbiri la mankhwala.

Kulemera Kwambiri & Kukhudza: Makolala ndi ndodo zobowola zimapirira katundu wozungulira mpaka matani 500 ndi kupsinjika kwa torsional kopitilira 100 MPa panthawi yobowola molunjika. Kupangika kwa miyala mwadzidzidzi kumatha kuyambitsa mphamvu ya kugunda ya 2,000 J, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti ming'alu ya kutopa mu ndodo zobowola ichitike.

Malo osungiramo malasha pansi pa nthaka amakhala ndi zovuta kwambiri pa kulimba kwa makina. Popeza chinyezi nthawi zambiri chimapitirira 90% komanso kupezeka kwa mpweya wowononga monga H₂S ndi SO₂, zigawo zachitsulo zimakhudzidwa ndi dzimbiri lamagetsi mwachangu. Mwachitsanzo, masilinda a hydraulic prop, ofunikira kwambiri pakusunga bata la ngalande, amatha kukhala ndi dzimbiri pamwamba lomwe limasokoneza magwiridwe antchito otseka, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti makina a hydraulic alephere kugwira ntchito bwino. Kuphatikiza apo, tinthu ta fumbi la malasha (Mohs hardness 3-4) timagwira ntchito ngati zotupa, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zida zotumizira monga ma sprockets ndi ma scrapers ziwonongeke kwambiri. Fumbi la malasha lothamanga kwambiri limatha kuchepetsa moyo wa ntchito ya zigawozi ndi 40% poyerekeza ndi malo oyera.