Kuswa miyambo kuti tikwaniritse zodabwitsa: Ukadaulo wa laser umapanga "zida zolimba kwambiri" za ma pistoni

Pakati pa mafakitale amakono - makina a hydraulic ndi fluid - plunger, monga gawo lofunika kwambiri losuntha, lomwe mawonekedwe ake pamwamba pake amatsimikizira mwachindunji kudalirika, kugwira ntchito bwino, ndi moyo wautumiki wa dongosolo lonselo. Kwa nthawi yayitali, kuwonongeka, dzimbiri, ndi kutopa kwakhala mavuto omwe amakumana nawo ndi ma plinders achikhalidwe. Lero, tikufuna kukuwonetsani ukadaulo wosintha wolimbitsa pamwamba: laser cladding. Ndi zabwino zake zazikulu za "kulondola kwa micrometer" ndi "kugwirizana kwa metallurgical," ukadaulo uwu ukutsegula mutu watsopano pakukweza magwiridwe antchito a plunger.

I. Mavuto Achikhalidwe: Zofooka Pakukana Kuwonongeka kwa Malo Opopera

Plunger imadutsa mobwerezabwereza m'malo opanikizika kwambiri, othamanga kwambiri, komanso mkati mwa zinthu zovuta, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pamwamba pake pakhale kukangana kwakukulu komanso kugwedezeka. Ngakhale ikapangidwa kuchokera ku chitsulo chapamwamba kwambiri, njira zachikhalidwe zochizira kutentha kapena njira zolimba zophimbira chrome zimakhalabe ndi zofooka zazikulu.

Chophimbacho ndi chopyapyala (nthawi zambiri

Chophimbacho ndi zinthu zoyambira zimangolumikizidwa ndi makina okha, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti delamination ichitike mosavuta.

Njira yopangira ma chrome plating ikukumana ndi mavuto aakulu oteteza chilengedwe.

Mtengo wosinthira plunger yonse ndi wokwera kwambiri, ndipo nthawi yogwira ntchito yomwe imabwera chifukwa cha izi imabweretsa kutayika kwakukulu.

Zolepheretsa izi zakhala zodziwika bwino zomwe zimalepheretsa kugwira ntchito kwa nthawi yayitali komanso kodalirika kwa ma pump a plunger.

II. Kusintha kwa Ukadaulo: Kodi kuphimba ndi laser n'chiyani?

Kuphimba kwa laser, komwe kumatchedwa "kupangira zitsulo," ndi njira yapamwamba kwambiri yopangira zinthu pamwamba yomwe imagwiritsa ntchito matabwa a laser amphamvu kwambiri kuti isungunule nthawi yomweyo zinthu zopangidwa ndi aloyi zapamwamba ndi pamwamba pa chinthu choyambira, zomwe zimathandiza kuti zikhale zolimba mwachangu ndikupanga gawo lolimba, lopanda ma pore, komanso lopanda ming'alu.

Njirayi ikufanana ndi "kuwotcherera zinthu zazing'ono": Motsogozedwa ndi makina olondola a CNC, kuwala kwa laser kumayenda molunjika motsatira njira yokonzedweratu, "kuphatikiza ndi kuluka" nanoscale tungsten carbide, cobalt-based, kapena nickel-based alloy powders kumadera enaake a pamwamba pa plunger. Kukhuthala kwa cladding layer kumatha kusinthidwa mosinthasintha mkati mwa 0.2 mpaka 3.0 mm, zomwe zimathandiza kusintha magwiridwe antchito molondola - kulikonse komwe kukufunika kulimbitsa, kulimbitsa kumayikidwa bwino.

III. N’chifukwa chiyani kuphimba ndi laser ndi "njira yabwino" yolimbikitsira ma plunger?

Kuuma kwawonjezeka kwambiri, ndipo kukana kutopa kwawonjezekanso kawiri.
Kuuma kwa layer cladding kungafikire HRC 60–70 (pafupifupi HV 700–1000), komwe ndi kuwirikiza ka 1.5–2 kuposa kwa chitsulo chapamwamba chozimitsidwa ndi kuwirikiza ka 2–3 kuposa kwa zigawo zachikhalidwe za chromium-plated. Mu mayeso omwe ali ndi mikhalidwe yovuta kwambiri yogwirira ntchito, monga omwe amapezeka m'ma hydraulic othandizira malasha ndi mapampu obowola mafuta, nthawi yapakati ya ntchito ya ma piston imawonjezeka ndi 300%–500%.

Kugwirizana kwa zitsulo kumakhala kolimba kwambiri, kuonetsetsa kuti kuchotsedwa kwa zinyalala sikuletsedwa konse.
Pa kutentha kwambiri, cladding layer ndi base material zimasakanikirana, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti metallurgical transition zone ikhale yolimba pafupifupi 50–100 μm. Mphamvu yolumikizirana yomwe imapezeka mwanjira imeneyi imatha kupitirira 80% ya mphamvu ya base material yokha, motero kuthetsa vuto la kupaka utoto.

Kusintha ndi kukonza bwino zinthu kumathandiza kuti zinthu zikonzedwe mwanzeru.

Kulimbitsa kwapafupi: Kulimbitsa kumagwiritsidwa ntchito kokha kumadera ofunikira monga zingwe zotsekera ndi zigawo zonyamula kupanikizika, motero kupulumutsa ndalama.

Kapangidwe ka gradient: Kumapangitsa kuti gradient ikhale yogwira ntchito bwino kwambiri yomwe imachokera ku maziko kupita pamwamba, yokhala ndi zigawo zolimba, zolimba, komanso zosagwirizana ndi kuwonongeka.

Kubwezeretsanso zida zogwiritsidwa ntchito: Manja opukutira osweka amakonzedwa mwa kuphimba, kubwezeretsa kukula kwawo koyambirira ndikukweza magwiridwe antchito awo. Mtengo wa njirayi ndi 30% mpaka 40% yokha ya mtengo wogulira zida zatsopano.

Njira zopangira zinthu zobiriwira: kupita ku chitukuko chokhazikika
Njira yonseyi ilibe kuipitsidwa kwa zitsulo zolemera komanso madzi otayira, ndipo kuchuluka kwa zinthu zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kumaposa 95%. Iyi ndi ukadaulo wokonzanso womwe umatsimikiziradi lingaliro la kupanga zinthu zobiriwira.

IV. Mayankho a Machitidwe: Kusintha ubwino waukadaulo kukhala phindu la makasitomala

Ku Green Laser Tech, sitingopereka zida zapamwamba zokha komanso timayesetsa kupatsa makasitomala mayankho athunthu olimbikitsira malo a ma pistoni.

Dongosolo lokonzekera bwino: Dongosololi limagwiritsa ntchito kuphatikiza kwa micro-sandblasting ndi laser kuyeretsa kuti pamwamba pa substrate pakhale poyera kwambiri, motero kukhazikitsa maziko a cladding yapamwamba kwambiri.

Chida cha makina olumikizira zinthu zanzeru okhala ndi ma axis ambiri: Chopangidwira makamaka zinthu zozungulira monga ma pistoni, chili ndi njira yodyetsera ufa yogwirizana komanso njira yoyezera kutentha nthawi yeniyeni, zomwe zimathandiza kuti malo ovuta aziphimba mofanana.

Deta ya zinthuzi imapereka chithandizo popereka njira zopitilira 30 zovomerezeka za zinthuzi, zomwe zili m'magulu akuluakulu 8, kuti zigwirizane ndi mikhalidwe yosiyanasiyana yogwirira ntchito monga kupukuta konyowa, kupukuta kouma, ndi kuwonongeka kwa dzimbiri.

Dongosolo la Akatswiri pa Njira: Lili ndi ma phukusi ambirimbiri okonzedwa kale a plunger cladding, omwe amaphatikizapo zinthu zosiyanasiyana - kuyambira ma valve cores olondola okhala ndi mainchesi a 20 mm mpaka ma hydraulic silinda plunger akuluakulu okhala ndi mainchesi a 500 mm.

Kuwongolera khalidwe lonse motsatira njira yonse: Mwa kuphatikiza njira zowunikira pa intaneti ndi zoyesera popanda intaneti, zimatsimikiziridwa kuti kuuma kwa chinthucho ndi ≤3%, makulidwe ake ndi ≤5%, ndipo kuuma kwa pamwamba pa Ra ndi ≤0.8μm.

V. Phunziro la Nkhani Yowona: Momwe Manambala Amasonyezera Mphamvu ya Kusintha

Ntchito yokonza chithandizo cha hydraulic mu mgodi wa malasha

Kwa gulu lalikulu la makina a malasha apakhomo, ma pistoni a φ360mm opangidwa ndi mipiringidzo anakonzedwa. Mtengo wophimba gawo lililonse unali pafupifupi ma yuan 12,000. Zotsatira zake, moyo wa ntchito wa zigawozi unakulitsidwa kuchoka pa miyezi 8 mpaka zaka zoposa 3, zomwe zinathandiza kasitomala kusunga ndalama zokwana ma yuan oposa 4 miliyoni pakapita nthawi.