Kuphimba kwa laser: "kukonzanso" kwa zigawo zolondola za injini ya aero

Mainjini amlengalenga, omwe amadziwika kuti ndi "mtengo wamtengo wapatali" m'makampani amakono, amakumana ndi zovuta zambiri ndi zigawo zawo zazikulu monga masamba a turbine opanikizika kwambiri ndi magiya otumizira. Zigawo zofunikazi nthawi zonse zimapirira kutentha kwambiri, kupsinjika, ndi liwiro lozungulira. Ming'alu imakula pang'onopang'ono, mano a giya amawonongeka panthawi yolumikizidwa, ndipo nsonga za magiya zimawonongeka chifukwa cha kuzungulira kwa liwiro lalikulu. Ngakhale zikuwoneka zazing'ono, zolakwika zazing'ono izi zimagwira ntchito ngati "kulephera kwa ziwalo" zobisika - zomwe zimapangitsa kuti magwiridwe antchito azichepa komanso kukwera kwa kugwiritsa ntchito mafuta, komanso kulephera kwakukulu kwambiri. Kukonza "kusintha" kwachikhalidwe kukuwonetsa kokwera mtengo komanso kotenga nthawi, pomwe kukwera kwa ukadaulo wa laser cladding tsopano kumapereka njira yosinthira yokonzanso zigawozi zolondola.

Kuphimba kwa laser: "kuika maselo" molunjika bwino

Kuphimba ndi laser sikungokhala "ntchito yopenta" chabe - ndi ukadaulo wokonzanso bwino womwe umakwaniritsa mgwirizano wa zitsulo pamlingo wa mamolekyu. Njira yaikulu imaphatikizapo kugwiritsa ntchito kuwala kwa laser kokhala ndi mphamvu zambiri popanga ma dziwe osungunuka m'zigawo zowonongeka, pomwe nthawi yomweyo kumalowetsa ufa wachitsulo wopangidwa mwapadera molondola. Ufa uwu umasungunuka nthawi yomweyo, umalumikizana kwathunthu ndi maziko, ndikulimba kudzera mu kuzizira mwachangu. Njira yonseyi ikufanana ndi "microsurgery" yosamala kwambiri:

Kufotokozera Malo Mwabwino Kwambiri: Kuwala kwa laser kumakwaniritsa kulondola kwa malo a micron, kulunjika madera owonongeka mosankha kwinaku kuteteza magawo athanzi, kusunga umphumphu wa zigawo ndi mphamvu kwambiri.

Kubadwanso kwa Metallurgical: Chipinda cholumikizira chimapanga mgwirizano wolimba wa zitsulo ndi substrate, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti mphamvu zolumikizira zipitirire 400MPa - kuposa kupopera kwachikhalidwe kwa kutentha (50-100MPa) ndi katatu - zomwe zimathandiza kuthetsa zoopsa zochotsa utoto.

Magwiridwe Oyenera: Mwa kusankha ufa wogwirizana ndi maziko kapena wapamwamba kwambiri (kuphatikizapo zitsulo zotentha kwambiri, zitsulo zopangidwa ndi cobalt/nickel zosatha kutha, komanso zinthu zopangidwa ndi ceramic-reinforced), titha kuwonjezera kukana kutentha kwa malo okonzera, kukana kutha, kukana dzimbiri, komanso kukana kutopa kudzera mu kukonza bwino.

Njira yofunikira yokonza zigawo zikuluzikulu: kugwira ntchito bwino kuposa "kusintha"

Kukonzanso Nsonga ya Tsamba: Kuwonongeka kwa nsonga ya tsamba kapena kukokoloka kungawononge mawonekedwe ofunikira a aerodynamic, zomwe zimachepetsa kwambiri magwiridwe antchito a injini. Kuphimba kwa laser kumathandiza kukonza bwino zolakwika ndikubwezeretsa mawonekedwe a aerodynamic. Ufa wapadera wokhala ndi kukana kutentha kwambiri kuposa zida zoyambirira (monga zokutira za MCrAlY zokhala ndi ma oxides osowa) ungagwiritsidwe ntchito, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti kukana kutentha kwambiri kukhale kolimba pamene mukukonza tsambalo. Pambuyo pokonza chophimba cha laser, masamba a turbine opanikizika kwambiri ochokera ku mtundu winawake adawonetsa mphamvu yayitali ya kutentha kwambiri kuposa masamba atsopano, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti ntchito ikhale yayitali kwambiri.

Kulimbitsa Dzino la Zida: Kugwetsa, kugwetsa, kapena kusweka kwa malo a dzino ndi njira zodziwika bwino zolephera. Ukadaulo wa laser cladding ukhoza "kukulitsa" bwino gawo lolimba, lolimba kwambiri losawonongeka (monga cobalt-based Stellite 6 alloy yokhala ndi kuuma kufika HRC 40-50) pamalo a dzino osweka. Malo a dzino obwezeretsedwawo samangobwezeretsa mbiri yeniyeni ya mano okha komanso nthawi zambiri amakwaniritsa kapena kupitirira magwiridwe antchito a zigawo zatsopano pankhani ya kukana kusweka. Ntchito zothandiza zimasonyeza kuti zida zokonzedwa ndi laser-clad ndege zimatha kuwonjezera nthawi yogwira ntchito yotopa ndi 200%-300%, pomwe zimachepetsa phokoso ndi kugwedezeka kwa ma transmission.

Kupitirira kukonza: Kuthamanga kwa magwiridwe antchito ndi mtengo wobiriwira

Mtengo wa laser cladding umapitirira "kubwezeretsa":

Kusintha kwa magwiridwe antchito: Njira yokonzanso ndi mwayi wowonjezera magwiridwe antchito. Pogwiritsa ntchito zida zogwirira ntchito zokongoletsa kapena zokutira zopangidwa ndi nanostructured, zigawo zimatha kupatsidwa mawonekedwe am'deralo kupitirira kapangidwe koyambirira (monga kukana kuwonongeka kwambiri komanso kukana dzimbiri kwambiri).

Kusintha kwa mtengo: Mtengo wa chinthu chimodzi cholondola (monga tsamba la turbine imodzi, zida zovuta) mu injini ya ndege nthawi zambiri umakhala ma yuan masauzande ambiri. Mtengo wokonza cladding ya laser nthawi zambiri umakhala 20% -50% yokha ya gawo latsopano, ndipo phindu lazachuma ndi lodabwitsa.

Ubwino wozungulira: Poyerekeza ndi nthawi yayitali yopangira ndi kugula zinthu podikira zida zatsopano, kukonza laser pamalopo kapena pafupi ndi malo kungachepetse nthawi yogwira ntchito ya zida zazikulu ndi zoposa 70%, kuonetsetsa kuti zidazo zikukonzekera bwino nkhondo komanso kuti zigwire bwino ntchito.

Kupanga zinthu zobiriwira: Kuchepetsa kwambiri kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu zambiri monga migodi ya zinthu zopangira, kusungunula ndi kutsiriza, kuchepetsa kwambiri mpweya woipa womwe umalowa m'makampani opanga zinthu, komanso kugwirizana ndi njira yokhazikika yopititsira patsogolo makampani opanga ndege.