Kuphimba ndi laser: njira yobiriwira yokonzanso yomwe imalowetsa "zida zapamwamba" mu injini zamakala

Pansi pa kuya kwa migodi ya malasha, zipilala zothandizira ma hydraulic m'makina opangidwa ndi makina odzaza ndi makina zimagwedezeka pansi pa mphamvu ya matani 10,000, ziwiya zonyamula ma scraper zimagundana ndi gangue ya malasha, pomwe ma hydraulic cylinders amavutika kugwira ntchito m'malo ozizira komanso owononga. Zinthu zofunika kwambirizi zimapanga "chimango chachitsulo" cha ntchito za migodi ya malasha, zomwe zimapirira kuwonongeka kosalekeza, dzimbiri, komanso kukhudzidwa kwa nthawi yayitali. Njira zosamalira zachikhalidwe monga kuwotcherera pamwamba, chromium plating, kapena kusintha kwathunthu sikuti zimangowonetsa kuti ndizokwera mtengo komanso nthawi yambiri komanso sizikwaniritsa zofunikira za migodi ya malasha yamakono kuti igwire bwino ntchito, yopanda mpweya wambiri, komanso yotsika mtengo. Kuyamba kwa ukadaulo wa laser cladding tsopano kukuyambitsa "kusintha kwabwino kwa zitsulo" kwa makampani opanga makina a malasha.

I. Kuphimba ndi laser: "opaleshoni yolondola" yokonzanso makina a malasha

Kuphimba kwa laser si filimu yosavuta pamwamba, koma ukadaulo wapamwamba womwe umapanga dziwe losungunuka pang'ono pamwamba pa gawolo ndi kuwala kwa laser kwamphamvu kwambiri ndipo nthawi yomweyo umapopera ufa wapadera wa alloy kuti ugwirizane ndi zitsulo pakati pa kuvala ndi maziko. Mtengo wake waukulu uli mu:

Kukonza bwino cholinga: Mzere wa laser ukhoza kuyikidwa bwino kuti ukhale ndi mipata ndi mabowo owononga, kupewa kuwonongeka kwa gawo lathanzi, makamaka loyenera kukonza zolakwika zakomweko monga mikwingwirima pazipilala za hydraulic ndi mikwingwirima pakhoma lamkati la masilinda.

Chigwirizano champhamvu komanso cholimba cha zitsulo: Chophimba ndi matrix zimapanga kusakanikirana kwa atomiki, mphamvu yolumikizira ndi 400MPa, zomwe zimachotsa kwathunthu chiopsezo cha chromium plating peeling.

Magwiridwe antchito osinthidwa: Mwa kusankha aloyi yochokera ku cobalt yosatha (monga Stellite 6), aloyi yochokera ku nickel yosatha dzimbiri kapena tungsten carbide yolimbikitsidwa ndi composite, kuthekera kwa zinthu kupulumuka m'mikhalidwe yovuta monga kukhudzidwa ndi malasha ndi nthunzi yamadzi a asidi kumatha kukulitsidwa.

II. Kugwiritsa ntchito moyenera: Kuyambira "kudula m'mphepete" mpaka "kuchita bwino kwambiri"

1. Thandizo la hydraulic "kusintha kwa moyo"

Pambuyo poti chromium plating layer pamwamba pa hydraulic column yachotsedwa, mizatiyo imakhala yosavuta kuchita dzimbiri komanso kulephera chifukwa cha kuthamanga kwambiri. Ukadaulo wa laser cladding ungathe:

Pambuyo pochotsa chophimba chakale, gawo la aloyi lokhala ndi cobalt lokhuthala la 0.8-1.5mm limayikidwa mwachindunji pamwamba pa gawo lapansi;

Kuuma kumawonjezeka kufika pa HRC 55-60 (gawo loyambirira la chromium plating ndi HRC 40-45 yokha), ndipo kukana kwa kuvala kumawonjezeka ndi nthawi zoposa zitatu;

Kukana kwa dzimbiri kumawonjezeka kwambiri. Nthawi yogwira ntchito ya mzati wokonza mgodi m'madzi a asidi m'mgodi imafika miyezi 18, yoposa kwambiri gawo latsopano loyambirira (miyezi 6-8).

2. Mzere wapakati wa makina oscraper "wapangidwanso"

Kuwonongeka kwa chaka ndi chaka kwa mbale ya pansi ya chidebe chapakati kumafika mpaka 15mm, ndipo kusintha kwachikhalidwe kumawononga ndalama zoposa 20,000 yuan pa unit iliyonse. Njira yothetsera laser cladding imagwiritsa ntchito tungsten carbide particle-reinforced iron matrix composite material kumadera omwe amawonongeka mosavuta m'makoma a chidebecho. Popeza kuti pamwamba pake pali kuuma kopitirira HRC 62, njira yatsopanoyi imawonjezera kukana kuwonongeka ndi nthawi 5-8. Kugwiritsa ntchito m'minda m'malo opangira migodi kukuwonetsa kuti chidebe chapakati chobwezeretsedwacho chimawonjezera moyo wautumiki kuyambira miyezi 6 mpaka miyezi 24, pomwe ndalama zokonzera pa tani imodzi ya malasha zimachepa ndi 40%.

3. "Kumanganso" khoma lamkati la silinda ya hydraulic

Pofuna kuthana ndi vuto la kutseka komwe kumachitika chifukwa cha kukwawa kwa makoma a silinda: Dongosololi limagwiritsa ntchito kudyetsa ufa wa coaxial pamodzi ndi nozzle yapadera ya laser ya mabowo amkati, zomwe zimathandiza kuwotcherera molondola m'malo otsekedwa. Kukhwima kwa pamwamba pambuyo pokonza (Ra ≤ 0.8μm) kumaposa miyezo yatsopano yopangira zinthu. Mayeso a m'munda ku fakitale ya makina a malasha akuwonetsa kuti masilinda okonzedwa amakwaniritsa kutsata kwa 100% kotseka pomwe amawononga 30% yokha ya kupanga masilinda atsopano.

III. Kusintha Katatu: Zachuma, Kugwira Ntchito Mwanzeru ndi Kusintha Kobiriwira

IV. Kuyambira kukonza mpaka kukonzanso: tsogolo la kukonzanso mwanzeru kwa injini za malasha

Ndi kuphatikiza kwa ukadaulo wanzeru, kuphimba kwa laser kukukwera kwambiri pakugwiritsa ntchito makina a malasha: 1) Malo ogwirira ntchito a robotic okha amathandizira kukonza zinthu monga mizati ndi masilinda, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti magwiridwe antchito azigwira ntchito bwino ndi 50%; 2) Kukonza zinthu motsatira njira ya digito kumawunikira kuwonongeka kwa zida kudzera mu masensa kuti zigwire ntchito yokonza zivundikiro zisanachitike; 3) Zipangizo zogwirira ntchito za gradient zimapanga zigawo zophimba zinthu zokhala ndi malo akunja olimba kwambiri kuti zisawonongeke komanso zigawo zamkati zolimba zomwe zimalimbana ndi ming'alu, zomwe zimathandiza kuthana ndi mavuto okhudzana ndi kuwonongeka.